永續社區理念之社區營造評估體系建構之研究： 以台南縣市社區營造為例Developing an Evaluation Framework for Community Empowerment from the Viewpoint of Sustainable Communities: A Study on the Experiences of Tainan City and Tainan County

台灣的社區營造在經過十餘年的推動後已引起各界廣泛的重視；然而，其是否真正促進了社區及地方的永續發展，卻是一個值得深思的問題。在台灣的社區營造亟需進行通盤性檢討之際，如何以永續社區理念為架構，建構一套具共識基礎的社區營造評估體系，實為當前重要的研究課題。有鑑於此，本研究以台南縣市社區營造經驗為例，透過深度訪談、實地觀察、社區小眾會議、模糊理論及階層分析法之應用，研擬一套綜合性的社區營造評估體系，其內容包括生態與環境景觀、社會與文化、經濟與產業、生活機能、機制與治理等五個構面，27個評估項目。經由公部門群體、社區規劃師群體及地方社造群體三個決策群體意見的比較分析，本研究確認出社區營造評估體系的層級化架構，並比較各決策群體對於評估體系內容及權重的認知差異，以期能凝聚共識，協助台灣的社區營造工作朝永續社區的方向邁進。
關鍵詞：永續社區、社區營造、評估體系、模糊理論、階層分析法

The concept of community empowerment has received widespread attention in Taiwan.However, whether or not the community empowerment in Taiwan actually promotes the sustainable development of its localities remains an unanswered question. Therefore, developing a suitable evaluation framework to examine the impact and effectiveness of the community empowerment activities in Taiwan has become an important research issue. In considering this framework from the viewpoint of sustainable communities, and by using the experiences of Tainan City and Tainan County as examples, this study attempts to explore this research issue. By incorporating research methods involving interviews, field surveys, community group processes, fuzzy set theory, and the AHP method, this research develops an evaluation framework for examining the community empowerment practice in Taiwan. After our empirical investigation, an evaluation framework including five dimensions and 27 elements is proposed and tested to be appropriate. The research also compares the cognitive differences in terms of the elements of the evaluation framework among the major decision-making groups in order to build a consensus on community empowerment.
Key words: sustainable communities, community empowerment, evaluation framework,
fuzzy theory, analytic hierarchy process.