家戶遷移與居住品質變化關係之研究— 台北縣市的實證分析The Relationship between the Household's Moving and Residential Quality Changes-Evidence from Taipei Metropolitan

本文有三個主要目的：首先是對家戶的遷移後居住品質的變化進行界定；其次，進一步分析家戶生命週期與家戶遷移居住品質之關係；第三是探討不同租擁歷程遷移後居住品質改變的課題。本文採用1990年戶口及住宅普查台北縣、市的資料，以多項羅吉特模型分析，探討原來居住在台北縣、市的家戶遷移時，究竟是選擇「向上遷移」提昇居住品質，或者是「向下遷移」到較差的住宅環境，還是在住宅權屬、區位環境與空間之間作取捨的「一般遷移」行為。本文的實證結果發現家戶遷移後的居住品質選擇受到家戶生命週期影響，因而選擇住者適其屋的調整行為；另外，在遷移前後家庭人口無變動的情形下，家戶為降低擁擠程度的確較傾向選擇向上遷移，以提升居住品質。而轉租為買家戶與自有換屋家戶有很大的差異，對於居住品質選擇也有不同的考量。
關鍵詞：向上遷移、向下遷移、家庭生命週期類型、多項羅吉特模型

Purposes of this paper are three-fold. First of all, we define three levels of the changes of residential quality before and after households moved. Second, the relationship between the types of family composition along with the life cycle and the changes of residential quality are fully addressed. Third, we shed lights on the issues of how households of different tenure types adjust residential quality to match their needs. By using the 1990 Population and Housing Census data, this paper explores the choice behavior of the household with move in Taipei metropolitan, and three types of quality changes - move-upward, movedownward,or stay-the-same - are classified for multi-nomial logit analyses. The results indicate that the choices on residential quality depend on the stages of family life cycle and the household would therefore adjust properly to choose suitable housing units to fit their needs. Given fixed family size, households with move tend to choose better quality housing in order to have improved living space. Furthermore, it is found that the choices of residential quality various in accordance with different status of tenure career.
Keywords: Move-upward, Move-downward, Types of family life cycle, Multi-nomial logit model