我國購屋貸款放款條件之研究Mortgage Lending Conditions in Taiwan:the Behavior of the Land Bank of Taiwan

隨著房價的高漲,一般大眾已無力籍其自有資企或私人借貸購買房屋,購屋貸款愈形重要。然而在國內相閣研究不足的情況下,我們對購屋貸款的辦理情並不清楚,更重要的是,在國內尚無健全的估價制度下,借款人所提供的擔保品價值能否獲得合理評估不無疑問,但國內文獻甚少注意到此問題。本文的目的即在探討銀行辦理購屋貸款是否會因人(借款者)、物擔保品)、時(資金覺鬆)、地(借款地區)的不同,而有不同的放款條件。其次是·假如攜保品(物)相同,銀行是否會因人、時、地的不同,而店生不同的估價結果。本研究以壺灣土地銀行貸放案側為實證資料,研究結果指出·攜保品為決定融育額度的主要因素,借款人因素所造成的送異有限·此與國外不但強調擔保品,更重祝借款人償還能力的情況有相營大的差距。而在目前依擔保品放款且尚來有健全的估便制度下·即使購買房屋的價格相同,也曾出現園人、時、地的不同,銀行對其價值認定不同的情況·也因此造成無自用住宅貸款難在利率上有所優惠,但是因為攜保品慣值的低估,融資額度將會誠少,使得無自用住宅者的權益受損,值得銀行與相關單位注意。
從以上研究結果,本文建議政府應改善整金融環境 協助銀行建立完整的微信制度,消除銀行放款只看擔保品的保守心態,加強重視借款者的信用與賞還能力· 並體速建立估價師制度·使購屋者權益與銀行的債權獲得合理的保障。而如何協助銀行開發資金,提高購屋貸款額度與降低貸款利率,更是政府未來願努力的方向。

Due to the dramatic growth of house price in Taiwan after 1987, the homebuyers have to heavily rcly on the large proportion of mortgage to buy their house. There is, however, lack of rescarch about mort gage Jending bchavior of financial institutions, we know little about mortgage lending conditions in Tai wan. This paper tries to investigate how does financial institution perform his mortgage lending. Whether the finan-cial institution will consider the different characteristics of borrower, property, timing, and location which gives different mortgage lending conditions. Furthermore, cven in the same charactcristics of property condition, whether the valuation result and lending conditions will be different among the different bor-rower, timing, and location.
This paper is based on empirical data of the Land Bank of Taiwan. The empirical results are interest-ing which the property value factor dominates the factors of mortgage loan in the bahavior of the Land Bank of Taiwan. There is little difference among the different characteristics of borrowers which is quite differ-ent from the otber western countries. In other words, the financial institution little consider the repayment ability of the borrower in Taiwan. On the other hand, there is a biase of property valuation in the same characteristics of property through different borrower, timing, and location. This will affect mortgagc lending conditions. This paper suggests the financial institution should more consider the repayment abil-ity of the borrower and establish the unbiased license valuation system.